The brain is the central link that provides the regulation of all organs and systems.These complex processes are carried out due to the electrical activity of neurons, their connection with each other and the set of mediators.Therefore, violations in the physiological work of the brain entails a change in all functions of the body.
Causes of brain functioning
The work of the big brain can be disturbed due to the pathology of the transmission of nerve impulses, the production of mediators, due to the functional state of neurons.But the most common reason is a violation of blood supply.
The blood supply to the hemispheres and the barrel is arranged anatomically difficult.For this purpose, there is a set of vessels united in a circle (Willis Circle).According to them, oxygen and nutrients are delivered to all departments.A feature of the vascular network is that each artery has several branches, which allows to supply the organ better and richer.This fact indicates that the human brain is especially sensitive to a lack of oxygen.
There are many reasons that change normal oxygen delivery.The most common of them is:
- Atherosclerotic changes.Atherosclerosis - the formation of fat plaques on the inner wall of the vessel, which narrow the lumen, change the elasticity of the arteries and the turbulence of blood flow.The narrowed and low -elastic arteries cannot fully deliver blood to the organs, including to the brain.
- Pathologies of the cervical spine - osteochondrosis, protrusion of the intervertebral discs, hyperquyphosis of the cervical region and others.The listed diseases lead to compression of nerves and blood vessels, causing hypoxia and impaired innervation.
- Stress, psycho -emotional experiences and a motionless lifestyle lead to spasm of the muscles of the neck and muscles of the back.Excessive muscle tone squeezes the vessels going to the head, violating the blood flow.
Symptoms of brain functioning
Symptoms of the disease depend on the cause and, therefore, on the mechanisms of the development of the pathological process.
- Pain.Appears both in different parts of the brain region of the skull, and in the orbital regions, the neck.The pain intensive or medium intensity, increasing, does not pass without painting drugs.Especially often the pain occurs after a long day, stress, a long uncomfortable posture.
- Dizziness, which are considered evidence of not only brain diseases, as well as problems with the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, inflammatory changes in the middle and inner ear.
- Nausea and vomiting.The nausea of central genesis is accompanied by photosensitivity, sensitivity to sounds.If vomiting joins, the latter does not bring relief.
- The noise in the ears, the flickering of “flies” and the darkening before the eyes are evidence of an acute impaired blood supply to the brain.In combination with nausea, a violation of consciousness and intensive pain - formidable signs of a stroke.
- Change in mental functions: mood change, inhibitory, blurred consciousness, deterioration of cognitive processes.
The deterioration of the work of any brain structures gives clinical signs.The human body is characterized by high adaptability and lability, however, the failure of the normal operation of the main regulator of processes gives visible violations.
When you need to see a doctor
During the initial manifestations, pain, nausea and dizziness are unstable.The patient connects the appearance of symptoms with overstrain, fatigue, excessive work.Further, as the pathology develops and ignore treatment, the symptoms are enhanced, cognitive failures (memory deterioration, aggressiveness or passivity, low quality of sleep), and noise in the ears are joined.
These are the signs by which it is necessary to consult a neurologist or vascular surgeon.
In the absence of diagnosis and adequate treatment, an attack may end fatally.Excessively intense headache, loss of consciousness, vomiting and impaired movements are diagnostic signs of acute cerebrovascular accident (ONMK).
Diagnostic examination
When the listed symptoms appear, it is necessary to conduct a detailed examination to establish a true cause.The diagnosis of brain violations includes:
- collecting complaints, anamnesis of life (nutrition, bad habits), the history of the development of the disease, allowing to identify the starting factor;
- The study of the objective status of the patient is height, weight, age, blood pressure, palpation and percussion examination of organs;
- A general blood test, a biochemical blood test, a general urine test - serve for differential diagnosis with other pathologies;
- Magnetic resonance imaging allows you to identify the structure of the substance of the brain, the presence or absence of neoplasms;
- Ultrasound examination of the vessels of the brain and neck.
The best drugs to improve brain and memory
In the modern pharmaceutical market, groups of drugs have been created that improve mental activity that stimulate mental processes that improve memory and enhance the stability of nerve cells to hypoxic conditions.
Nootropics
They are subdivided into funds that affect the neuron, and agents that improve microcirculation, oxygenation and rheological properties of blood.
The mechanism of work of the first group is determined by the increase in the consumption of glucose nerve cells (the main source of energy), an increase in the production of electrical impulses, and the improvement of the synaptic transmission of neurotransmitters.As a result of this, cognitive processes are facilitated, accelerated, and memory improves.
The mechanism of action of the second group is reduced to the expansion of the vessels of the brain and the strengthening of the influx to important brain centers.
Spasmolytic drugs are effective in case of narrowing of blood vessels
Spasmolytics act on the smooth muscles of the vascular wall, expanding it and thereby increasing the flow of blood to the brain.
Spasmolytics are not used on older people, as the drug does not work regarding sclerosed vessels.
Calcium channel blockers
The drugs act similarly to antispasmodic agents - expand the vessels.They act selectively and for a longer period of time.Effective for degenerative diseases of the spine, narrowing of the vascular wall under the influence of a stress factor.
For adults
After clarifying the reason for the deterioration of the brain, the doctor prescribes the necessary group of drugs.All of the funds listed are available for the adult population.Contraindications for nootropics, antispasmodics are minimal.
For children
The reasons for the violation of the brain in children are less, and they are most often associated with congenital pathologies, stress, vegetovascular dystonia and excessive load.
Another feature is before prescribing any drug to a child, a pharmaceutical company should prove the effectiveness and safety of the product.To improve brain performance, a group of nootropics is most often used.
What can you drink to a student to improve memory and brain?
Studying in higher educational institutions, sessions and scientific projects require the cost of a large amount of energy.Classes and schedules of classes are compiled with an excess load.Because of this, working capacity, concentration, memorization worsen.
Among students, more and more speed is gaining popularity of drugs that improve performance and memory.
- Amino acid that reduces mental and emotional stress.The drug also increases the mental activity and concentration of attention;
- A prescription drug created for use by astronauts.In a pronounced memory, the level of performance and cognitive functions;
- Plant drug.It is considered a biologically active additive to food and has a classic nootropic effect.
What to drink to improve memory and brain work after 50?
According to statistics, 20 percent of older people after 70 years suffer from cognitive impairment (difficulty in mastering information, reproducing it, the speed of mental work).The problem is associated with the natural aging process, which is accompanied by morphological changes.
An extract of drugs in old age should be carried out with maximum care and caution.Therefore, the use of a specialist consultation is needed before.
Folk remedies for improving memory and brain functioning
Phytotherapy is not sufficiently evaluated in official medicine.However, it must be borne in mind that most drugs were obtained from plant materials.Among traditional medicine, the most effective:
- Tincture of ginseng root.Ginseng is a perennial herbaceous plant that has a pronounced stimulating effect on the nervous system and psyche.Nevertheless, you need to carefully observe the reception mode, since high doses can cause side effects.
- Ginkgo- Growning relict plant, since ancient times, glorified by a large spectrum of therapeutic effects.The target for exposure is the vessels of the brain.Restores blood circulation disorders and vascular failure.
- Chocolate with green tea.Green tea contains volatile, caffeine and antioxidants.According to the university study in China, green tea has a positive effect on memory and spatial orientation.Gorky chocolate, in turn, contains glucose, which is considered an energy substrate for brain activity.In addition, the effect of chocolate on memory is currently being studied.
Food - healthy products for memory and brain function
In order for all processes in the body to proceed physiologically, nutrition must cover all the needs for energy, water, vitamins, macro- and microelements.
Nutrition that improves brain function should include:
- Whole grains (rice, oats, barley, whole grain bread) are rich in folic acid and vitamins of group B.
- Carrots contains vitamins A, D and C, macro- and trace elements.Carrots should be consumed (for better absorption) along with vegetable oil and sour cream, since the listed vitamins are fat -soluble.
- Walnut includes omega 3, phosphorus and iron, trace elements and protein.
- Red fish, cedar oil and other products containing replaceable and irreplaceable fatty acids and omega 3.
In addition to useful products, it is important to maintain water balance.Since water is a universal solvent.There are studies proving the effect of water content on labor productivity.
Prevention
If possible, to avoid stressful situations, to learn how to cope with a sense of anxiety and fear is an important psychotherapeutic part of the prevention.A long stress state exhausts the resources of the psyche and negatively affects the vessels.
The second component of prevention is a healthy sleep.For a full and high-quality rest, 7-9 hours of sleep are needed.Chronic lack of sleep leads to a physiological change in brain activity.
So, the human brain is a complex organ that works throughout life and regulates all the functions of the body.It provides consciousness, socialization, performance.And it is extremely important to monitor his health.Without a well -coordinated work of a large brain, a person is simply a creature.